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Table 2 Percentage distribution of low birth weight (LBW), missing LBW and infant deaths by background characteristics, 2019-21, N = 232,920

From: Relationship between low birth weight and infant mortality: evidence from National Family Health Survey 2019-21, India

Control variables

Total sample (N)

LBW %(n)

Missing LBW % (n)

Infant deaths (%)

Low birth weight

 Yes

36,435

  

5.50

 No

172,820

  

2.01

Sex of child

 Male

120,665

14.70 (17,736)

9.91 (11,959)

2.86

 Female

112,255

16.66 (18,699)

10.43 (11,706)

2.42

Preterm birth

 Yes

29,712

23.62 (6889)

11.19 (3269)

5.76

 No

203,712

14.50 (29,536)

10.01 (20,396)

2.20

Place of delivery

 Home

31,609

9.51 (3007)

50.44 (15,944)

3.24

 Public hospital

150,299

16.45 (24,730)

3.76 (5651)

2.70

 Private hospital

51,012

17.05 (8698)

4.06 (2070)

2.42

Birth order

 1

89,139

17.02 (15,172)

6.54 (5827)

2.68

 2

76,519

15.30 (11,706)

8.41 (6437)

2.13

 3 & above

67,262

14.21 (9557)

16.95 (11,401)

3.31

Mother’s age at birth

  < 20

26,445

17.89 (4731)

10.06 (2661)

3.36

 20-24

99,102

16.38 (16,235)

9.25 (9170)

2.64

 25-29

69,310

14.76 (10,231)

9.82 (6804)

2.36

 30 & above

38,063

13.76 (5238)

13.21 (5030)

2.64

Thin mother

 Yes

48,670

14.81 (27,350)

9.95 (18,383)

2.68

 No

184,670

18.83 (9085)

10.95 (5282)

2.64

Mother’s education

 Illiterate

51,210

15.70 (8042)

20.07 (10,277)

3.63

 Primary

30,081

16.66 (5011)

13.93 (4191)

3.43

 Secondary

119,864

15.89 (19,050)

6.96 (8339)

2.45

 Higher

31,765

13.64 (4332)

2.70 (858)

1.62

Place of residence

 Rural

185,721

15.67 (29,097)

11.22 (20,843)

2.85

 Urban

47,199

15.55 (7338)

5.98 (2822)

2.12

Religion

 Hindu

171,055

16.80 (28,736)

8.49 (14,527)

2.70

 Muslim

33,522

14.27 (4785)

12.30 (4122)

2.55

 Others

28,343

10.28 (2914)

17.70 (5016)

2.04

Wealth status

 Poor

117,869

16.07 (18,940)

15.32 (18,056)

3.31

 Non-Poor

115,051

15.21 (17,495)

4.88 (5609)

2.14

Sanitation facility

 Improved

163,480

14.98 (21,614)

8.40 (12,120)

2.34

 Unimproved

69,440

16.80 (11,669)

13.70 (9514)

3.26

Sauces of drinking water

 Improved

201,045

15.68 (31,531)

10.11 (20,326)

2.66

 Unimproved

31,875

15.39 (4904)

10.48 (3339)

2.66

No media exposure

 Yes

121,777

15.85 (19,299)

14,60 (17,783)

3.07

 No

111,143

15.42 (17,136)

5.29 (5882)

2.27

Region

 North

43,090

16.91 (7286)

7.09 (3056)

2.31

 Central

60,560

17.70 (10,719)

11.47 (6945)

3.58

 East

45,227

14.81 (6696)

14.71 (6652)

2.74

 North-East

34,222

9.93 (3397)

16.85 (5767)

2.38

 West

20,552

18.48 (3798)

3.71 (763)

2.16

 South

29,269

15.51 (4539)

1.65 (482)

1.81