Table 2 Characteristics of interventions

*Dirks et al., 2018 [70]

Pilot of DM-DST-Evaluate effectiveness of DM-DST for AN/AI

An electronic tool (DM-DST) to engage AN/AI in decision making conversations with healthcare providers

iPad application administered by primary care providers or behavioural health consultants

Participants used 20-min decision support tool prior to meeting healthcare provider at primary care appointment

Application developed with community stakeholders for use by AN community members

Nuka System of Care

Frerichs et al., 2020 [71]

Culturally Adapted Decision Aid -Evaluate CRC screening decision aid adapted for AI

9-min video (decision aid) to prepare AI to participate in CRC screening decisions

Video disseminated through web, prompts viewers to speak with healthcare provider

Participants viewed online video about screening options streamed or downloaded at home

Video developed by researchers for use with AI communities in eastern US

Social cognitive theory, theory of planned behaviours

Grace et al., 2018 [72]

Kids Say Cards-Examine response of children to Kids Say tool

Kids Say cards to facilitate conversation and engagement by children in decision making with child welfare workers

Researchers* use with children

*designed to be used by child welfare Workers/Professionals

Researchers chose 10 out of 44 Kids Say cards focus group or individual interview (time not reported) to prompt child(ren) in conversation, at community event

Cards developed by Aboriginal community for Aboriginal children

Winangay knowledge—approach guided by National Health and Medical Research council's values of equality, respect, reciprocity, responsibility, survival, and protection

Jull et al., 2015 [73]

Adapted OPDG (Decision Aid) -Adaptation of OPDG to support decision making by Aboriginal women

A patient decision aid for use by Indigenous women and includes decision coaching

Decision Coach

60–90 min interviews in community setting supported by decision coach to apply tool to sample decision

A generic decision aid adapted by Indigenous and non-Indigenous team with community partnerships and t with Indigenous (FNIM) women in Canada

Ottawa Decision Support Framework, Medicine Wheel framework for shared decision making

Jull et al. 2019 [46]

Not Deciding Alone -Promote the use of SDM by Inuit in Cancer Care

A booklet and training to guide conversations between healthcare providers and clients, to prepare for SDM

Peer support worker trained in decision coaching

Trained peer support worker was matched with community member to read and understand booklet and have conversation using SDM strategy in booklet in community setting

An SDM strategy (booklet, training) developed with Inuit community and service providers, for Inuit

Inuit societal values, Ottawa decision support framework

Koziol-McLain et al., 2018 [74]

iSafe-Test efficacy of web-based safety decision-aid (iSafe) for women experiencing IPV

A web-based decision aid developed for general populations applied with women (includes subgroup of Māori) in New Zealand who experience IPV

Online decision-aid/intervention website

Women in intervention group were provided link and password to website throughout 1-year postbaseline follow-up period to intervention and individualized resources and safety plan; control group offered link and password to website with standardized resources and safety plan

Intervention done at home

n/r

Empowerment model and decision science

Marcynyszyn et al., 2012 [75]

Family Group Decision Making -Promote a decision-making practice model for Native American communities that could be used in Child and Family Services

A Māori Family Group Decision Making practice model, implemented with child and family services setting to bring in Lakota ways of building and sustaining family connections

Independent Coordinator, Agency personel

Independent coordinator convenes family group meeting with agency personnel, after initial presentations family group meets on own to work through information given and formulate response and plan, preference is given to family groups plan, referring agency support family to implement plan

A Māori practice model adapted to Lakota knowledge and culture

Māori traditional practices, adapted to include Lakota traditional values and practices

Montgomery et al., 2012 [76]

Native Comic Book Program

-Train Native youth leaders to create comic books to enhance healthy decision making

A curriculum for AI/AN youth to design comic books for healthy decision making

Project Staff/Trained youth

2 h sessions over 8-week period during summer after-school program where youth participated in curriculum focused on decision-making and comic book development

A curriculum developed for general youth populations adapted for AI/AN youth

Western-oriented knowledge about shared decision making (model)

*Starks et al., 2015 [77]

DM-DST -Development of depression management decision support tool

Development of DM-DST for AI/AN to integrate patient priorities and needs into depression management decisions

iPad application administered by primary care providers/behavioural health consultants

Smaller pilot test (n = 20) had participants go through 20-min decision application

Application developed with community stakeholders for use by AN community members

Nuka System of Care

Umaefulam et al., 2022 [78]

Adaptation of Early RA PtDA -Adapt existing RA PtDA for use by Indigenous patients at point of care

Adaptation of existing paper-based decision aid tool

Displayed at

Cohort 1: 15–45 min in-person interview at clinic and asked to provide feedback when provided with decision aid

Cohort 2: 15–45-min video conference or phone interviews about adaptation of decision aid (provided earlier)

An RA decision aid adapted for use by Indigenous people in Canada

Ottawa Decision Support Framework