Table 2 Adaptation from the original version (J-MINT) to the modified (community) program, summarised using the FRAME

No./frequency of interventions

1½ years, weekly (78 sessions)

1 year, every 2 weeks (26 sessions) + exercise classes provided by the local municipality (26 sessions)

(1) At the time of protocol development/municipality and research team collaborated

(2) Shortening of period: 1½ years → 1 year

(3) To match the municipality’s fiscal year (1 year)

Place of intervention

Dedicated studios in hospitals

Community centre

(1) At the time of protocol development/municipality

(2) Change to a location more appropriate to the local context (less space and comfort but better accessibility)

(3) To increase the possibility of wide-scale uptake in the region

Exercise instruction methods

Face-to-face guidance + instruction tailored to cognitive and physical functions of subjects/trained instructor

Face-to-face instruction (video + MCI handbook) + instruction tailored to cognitive and physical functions of subjects/trained instructor

(1) During protocol development/municipalities and research team

(2) Use of videos and MCI handbook

(3) Development of a video and booklet to standardise the J-MINT research experience

Exercise intensity

Moderate (monitored by heart rate)

Moderate (monitored by subjective symptoms)

(1) At the time of protocol development/municipality and research team

(2) Change the monitoring method (no change in intensity)

(3) To reduce the cost of monitoring and increase the possibility of wide-scale uptake in the community

Nutrition guidance

Nutrition quiz + interviews and telephone support/registered dietitian

Nutrition quiz + MCI handbook/trained instructor

(1) During protocol development/municipality and research team

(2) Change to instructor/use of MCI handbook

(3) Municipalities already offer individual guidance and telephone support. Additional use of the MCI handbook will provide basic nutritional knowledge and facilitate monitoring in a standardised manner.

Cognitive training

Brain HQ/self-conducted

Introduction to cognitive training + MCI handbook/trained instructor

(1) During protocol development/research team

(2) Changed to a more economical intervention

(3) To reduce the cost of training and increase the possibility of wide-scale uptake in the community

Lifestyle-related disease management

Regular medical examination/primary care physician

Provision of information by MCI handbook + recommendation for medical check-ups based on medical check-up data/public health nurse

(1) At the time of protocol development/local government + research team

(2) Change to municipal initiative/use of handbook

(3) Continuity can be ensured if local governments provide recommendations for medical check-ups

Social participation

Self-monitoring

Monitoring + group work/implemented by self and shared with the group

(1) During protocol development/research team

(2) Additional group work

(3) Sharing among participants fosters interaction and sustainability, which in turn reinforces behavioural change.

Provision of health information

Providing information in brochures/research staff

Providing information using MCI handbook/trained instructor

(1) During protocol development/research team

(2) Use of MCI handbook

(3) MCI handbook provides comprehensive knowledge of dementia prevention